Knowledge base

A window profile consists of a casement and frame. Thermal insulation of a window profile is expressed in its thermal transmittance (Uf-value) the unit of which corresponds to W/m2K. The Uf-value depends on the thickness (l) of the profile (e.g. 68 mm, 78 mm, 92 mm, 110 mm), (ll) type of the wood and (lll) profile’s shape and details.

The basic function of the inter-pane spacer, which is placed on the edges of the insulation glass units, is to maintain an even distance between the glass panes (e.g. 12, 14, 16, 18 mm) and to prevent the leakage of inert gas (argon, krypton) from the inter-pane space. A sealant (e.g. polysulfide or silicone) applied under the spacer also prevents gas leakage. Basic inter-pane spacers are (were) made of aluminium which is a very good heat conductor. Thus, a combination of glass and aluminium spacer in an insulation glass unit constitutes a thermal bridge which is reflected in a low temperature of the edge of the inner glass unit and in the formation of condensation. One way to avoid this is to use what is known as “warm edge” spacers that are available in more than 20 varieties. One of the most often used variety is the TGI spacer made of a stainless steel and polypropylene, a combination that prevents the formation of a thermal bridge. Currently, Swisspacer Ultimate, which is made of composite polymer material and free of any metals, is the best inter-pane spacer in the market. An empty space between the walls of both spacers is filled with desiccant.

Glass is a window element that most impacts the thermal insulation of the window or rather the heat gain or loss (Uw) through the window as in most cases 70% of a window’s total surface is covered by glass. When it comes to windows, we speak of thermal insulating glass made up of two or three panes of glass separated by spacers to form a cavity filled with inert gas. The following impacts the thermal transmittance (Ug) of a window:

• the number of glass panes or inter-pane gaps;
• the width of the inter-pane spacer or the gap between the panes;
• the type of inert gas;
• the number and type of glass coatings.

The number of glass panes is the most important factor which impacts Ug. The Ug of a single-glazed windows is 5.7 W/m2K, Ug of most double-glazed windows is between 1.0 W/m2K and 1.4 W/m2K and Ug of most triple-glazed windows is between 0.5 W/m2K and 0.8 W/m2K.

The glass in the fixed component of the lift-slide PANORAMIC windows runs from the ceiling to the floor. This way, the room gets even more sunlight. In addition, such windows have a minimalist aesthetic effect.

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